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discipline 30 September 2026

The duty in context

Not misrepresent regulated status profession

The lawyer must not hold out an unregulated business or person as regulated, and must take reasonable steps to prevent clients wrongly believing a third party is regulated.

272 cases 59% strike-off avg suspension 15.1 mo avg fine 51,577 119 with dishonesty finding

How the codes express this duty

E&W Solicitors SRA Principles & Code CCS 8.10; CCS 5.4 strong 184 cases
8.10 You ensure that clients understand whether and how the services you provide are regulated. This includes: ... (c) ensuring that you do not represent any business or employer which is not authorised by the SRA, including any separate business, as being regulated by the SRA.
E&W Barristers BSB Handbook rC83; rC84; rC19.4 strong 5 cases
rC83 If you refer a client to a third party which is not a BSB authorised person or an authorised (non-BSB) person, you must take reasonable steps to ensure that the client is not wrongly led to believe that the third party is subject to regulation by the Bar Standards Board or by another approved regulator. rC84 You must not have a material commercial interest in any organisation which gives the impression of being, or may be reasonably perceived as being, subject to the regulation of the Bar Standards Board ... where it is not so regulated.
Cayman Islands Legal Services Code 2026 no clear equivalent
AU Solicitors Solicitors' Conduct Rules Rule 39.1 partial 21 cases
the solicitor, or law practice... must take all reasonable steps to ensure that the client is clearly informed about the nature and the terms of the services being provided to the client by the solicitor or law practice, including (if applicable) that the services provided by the other entity are not provided by solicitor or the law practice as legal services.
AU Barristers Uniform Barristers Rules no clear equivalent
IE Solicitors Law Society Guide Ch9 — The solicitor as agent for an institution partial 18 cases
If a solicitor holds an agency for an institution, the office of the solicitor should be clearly seen to be the office of a solicitor and not a branch of the organisation from whom the solicitor holds the agency.
IE Barristers Bar Code of Conduct Rule 2.10 partial 18 cases
Barristers shall not abuse the title Barrister-at-Law or where applicable Senior Counsel, but this rule shall not prohibit the disclosure of their professional qualification by Barristers in a manner consistent with the Code and any instrument made under the Code.
JM Attorneys Canons of Professional Ethics Canon II(a) partial 6 cases
An Attorney shall not hold out any person (not qualified to practise as a lawyer) as a partner, associate consultant or Attorney.
JE Lawyers Law Society of Jersey Code no clear equivalent
ON Lawyers LSO Rules of Prof. Conduct r 4.2-1.1; r 6.1-1 commentary [5.1] strong
4.2-1.1 A lawyer marketing legal services shall specifically identify in all marketing materials that they are licensed as a lawyer. [6.1-1 cmt 5.1: A lawyer should ensure that the non-lawyer is identified as such when communicating orally or in writing with clients, licensees, public officials, or with the public generally.]
BC Lawyers BC Code r 4.2-8 strong 10 cases
A lawyer must not list a person not entitled to practise law in British Columbia on any letterhead or in any other marketing activity without making it clear in the marketing activity that the person is not entitled to practise law in British Columbia.
NZ Lawyers Conduct & Client Care Rules r 2.11 / r 14.13 partial
If a lawyer learns that a person is committing an offence by— ... (c) providing legal services in breach of any of sections 21, 22, or 23 of the Act (which relate to persons, not being lawyers, engaging in misleading conduct regarding their right or qualifications to practise law)— the lawyer must immediately report the matter to the Law Society ...
SCO Solicitors LSS Standards of Conduct no clear equivalent
SG Lawyers Professional Conduct Rules 2015 r 33 (Descriptions) partial 2 cases
33 Descriptions
HK Solicitors Solicitors' Guide Principle 13.04 partial
No solicitor shall wilfully and knowingly: (a) act as agent in any action or in any matter in bankruptcy for any unqualified person; or (b) permit his name to be made use of in any such action or matter upon the account or for the profit of any unqualified person; or ... (d) do any other act enabling any unqualified person to appear, act or practise in any respect as a solicitor.
HK Barristers Bar Code of Conduct no clear equivalent

Cases dealing with this duty

Clear

272 decisions · link basis: found breached = a tribunal finding; rule cited = the mapped provision is cited in the decision; text match = high-precision text pattern

  • Maurice Frankson
    GLC attorney 243 of 2018 2020-08-13 found breached

    Suspended, Fined | Disciplinary Committee decision delivered August 13, 2020. || Guilty of Professional Misconduct | Disciplinary Committee decision delivered July 04, 2020. View PDF DECISION OF THE DISCIPLINARY COMMITT…

    Suspended, Fined 1 PDF View decision
  • Steven Lilly
    SSDT solicitor against Steven Lilly, formerly of 27 Garrallan Square, Kilwinning and presently of 128 Kilmeny Crescent, Wishaw 2020-01-13 found breached
    strike_off No Appeal 2 PDFs View decision
  • Nicholas Peter William Skinnard
    SDT solicitor 12090/2020 2020-01-01 found breached

    Breaches, Client Money, Failures, Solicitors' Accounts Rules

    Strike off 1 PDF View decision
  • Robert Alan Downie
    SDT solicitor 12127/2020 2020-01-01 found breached

    Breaches, Solicitors' Accounts Rules

    Strike off 1 PDF View decision
  • Gillian Margaret Walker
    SDT solicitor 12095/2020 2020-01-01 found breached

    Breaches

    S.43 Order (clerks) 1 PDF View decision
  • Karamjeet Kaur
    SDT solicitor 12053/2020 2020-01-01 found breached

    Breaches, Client Money, Solicitors' Accounts Rules

    Strike off 1 PDF View decision
  • David Elden Howes
    SDT solicitor 12110/2020 2020-01-01 found breached

    Breaches, Failures, Solicitors' Accounts Rules

    Strike off 1 PDF View decision
  • James (Seamus) Doody
    LSI solicitor Doody Solicitors, 21 South Mall, Cork 2019-10-18 found breached

    In the matter of James (Seamus) Doody, solicitor, practising in Doody Solicitors, 21 South Mall, Cork, and in the matter of an application by the Law Society of Ireland to the Solicitors Disciplinary Tribunal [6285/DT17…

    strike_off View decision
  • Alistair Morgan Bowie
    SSDT solicitor Alistair Morgan Bowie, 35 Broom Gardens, Kirkintilloch 2019-10-04 found breached
    strike_off No Appeal 1 PDF View decision
  • Raymond Clough
    GLC attorney 186 of 2010 2019-07-26 text match

    Suspended, Fined - Disciplinary Committee decision delivered July 26, 2019. | Guilty of Professional Misconduct - Disciplinary Committee decision May 11, 2019. | Formal Order July 26, 2019 View PDF DECISION OF THE DISCI…

    Suspended, Fined - Disciplinary Committee decision delivered July 26, 2019. 1 PDF View decision
  • James Dorney
    LSI solicitor Dorney Solicitors, Phoenix House, Monahan Road, Cork 2019-07-01 found breached

    In the matter of James Dorney, solicitor, practising as Dorney Solicitors, Phoenix House, Monahan Road, Cork, and in the matter of an application by the Law Society of Ireland to the Solicitors Disciplinary Tribunal, an…

    suspension View decision
  • Michael Collier
    SDT solicitor 11924/2019 2019-01-01 found breached

    Breaches, Client Money, Solicitors' Accounts Rules

    Strike off 1 PDF View decision
  • Catherine Jane Limbert (aka Williamson)
    SDT solicitor 12001/2019 2019-01-01 found breached

    Breaches, Solicitors' Accounts Rules

    Strike off 1 PDF View decision
  • Stephen Anthony Hogan
    SDT solicitor 11935/2019 2019-01-01 found breached

    Breaches, Client Money, Failures, Solicitors' Accounts Rules

    Strike off 1 PDF View decision
  • Mbolokele Nsimba
    SDT solicitor 11996/2019 2019-01-01 found breached

    Breaches, Failures, Solicitors' Accounts Rules

    Strike off 1 PDF View decision
  • Victoria Kinsella & One Other & One Other
    SDT solicitor 12025/2019 2019-01-01 found breached

    Breaches, Solicitors' Accounts Rules

    Fine, S.43 Order (clerks) 1 PDF View decision
  • Richard Stephen Davies
    SDT solicitor 11939/2019 2019-01-01 found breached

    Breaches, Solicitors' Accounts Rules

    Strike off 1 PDF View decision
  • David Alan McHenry
    LSC-QLD solicitor David McHenry & Associates 2018-12-18 found breached

    Guilty of professional misconduct

    Struck off 1 PDF View decision
  • Christopher James Hibbert
    GLC attorney 194 of 2017 2018-12-05 found breached

    Fined | Disciplinary Committee decision delivered December 05, 2018. View PDF FORMAL ORDER OF THE DISCIPLINARY COMMITTEE OF THE GENERAL LEGAL COUNCIL COMPLAINT NO: 194/2017 IN THE MATTER OF GENERAL LEGAL COUNCIL (HILARY…

    Fined 1 PDF View decision
  • Hugh Scott Neilson
    SSDT solicitor Hugh Scott Neilson, Glendevon, 13 Grahamshill Street, Airdrie, Lanarkshire 2018-11-21 found breached
    strike_off No Appeal 3 PDFs View decision
  • Louise Elizabeth Sutherland
    SSDT solicitor Louise Elizabeth Sutherland, The Cottage, Murtle Den Road, Milltimber 2018-04-23 found breached
    strike_off No Appeal 1 PDF View decision
  • Michael James QUINN
    LSC-QLD solicitor Q5 Law Pty Ltd 2018-04-07 found breached

    Guilty of professional misconduct on all charges.

    Struck off 1 PDF View decision
  • Alastair Gordon MacRae
    SSDT solicitor Alastair Gordon MacRae, Solicitor, formerly of A & JC Allan & Co., Solicitors, North Bank Chambers, 36 Newmarket Street, Falkirk and now at 2 Old Sheriffmuir Road, Bridge of Allan 2018-03-16 found breached
    strike_off No Appeal 1 PDF View decision
  • Peter David Ashcroft
    SDT solicitor 11897/2018 2018-01-01 found breached

    Breaches, Failures

    Strike off 1 PDF View decision
  • Edward Sibley
    SDT solicitor 11780/2018 2018-01-01 found breached

    Breaches, Client Money, Solicitors' Accounts Rules

    Fine, Strike off 1 PDF View decision

Duty classification does not yet cover every jurisdiction (Ontario, New Zealand and Singapore decisions are indexed but not yet duty-classified), so counts here understate those corpora.