The duty in context
No improper solicitation or touting profession
The lawyer must not solicit business through unsolicited approaches, visits or calls to the public, or by touting in a manner likely to bring the profession into disrepute.
How the codes express this duty
E&W Solicitors SRA Principles & Code CCS 8.9 strong 191 cases
8.9 You do not make unsolicited approaches to members of the public, with the exception of current or former clients, in order to advertise legal services provided by you, or your business or employer.
SRA Code of Conduct for Solicitors, RELs and RFLs · 2019 · archived copy · official source ↗
E&W Barristers BSB Handbook rC14 partial
rC14 If you solicit work in any jurisdiction outside England and Wales, you must not do so in a manner which would be prohibited if you were a member of the local Bar.
BSB Handbook Part 2: Code of Conduct · 5.0 · archived copy · official source ↗
Cayman Islands Legal Services Code 2026 R.12.4 strong
An attorney-at-law's practice shall not be publicised in the Cayman Islands by means of unsolicited visits or telephone calls to members of the public.
Cayman Islands Legal Services Code of Professional Conduct · 2026 · archived copy
AU Solicitors Solicitors' Conduct Rules Rule 34.2 partial 29 cases
In the conduct or promotion of a solicitor's practice, the solicitor must not seek instructions for the provision of legal services in a manner likely to oppress or harass a person who, by reason of some recent trauma or injury, or other circumstances, is, or might reasonably be expected to be, at a significant disadvantage in dealing with the solicitor at the time when the instructions are sought.
Australian Solicitors' Conduct Rules · 2015 (June 2026 compilation) · archived copy · official source ↗
AU Barristers Uniform Barristers Rules no clear equivalent
IE Solicitors Law Society Guide Ch9 — Touting strong 5 cases
A solicitor should not make a direct uninvited approach to any person with a view to being instructed to provide legal services, where this approach is likely to bring the solicitors' profession into disrepute. Approaches should not be made an inappropriate locations.
Solicitor's Guide to Professional Conduct (Law Society of Ireland) · 4th ed. (2022) · archived copy · official source ↗
IE Barristers Bar Code of Conduct Rule 6.5(b) partial 5 cases
Barristers speaking or writing as permitted by paragraph 6.3 above shall not: ... (b) Directly or indirectly suggest that any client or class of client were advised to employ them;
Code of Conduct for the Bar of Ireland · 2024 · archived copy · official source ↗
JM Attorneys Canons of Professional Ethics Canon II(b); Canon II(c); Canon II(d) strong 5 cases
An Attorney shall not in the carrying on of his practice or otherwise permit any act or thing which is likely or is intended to attract business unfairly or can reasonably be regarded as touting or advertising. (c) An Attorney shall not endeavour by direct or indirect means to attract the clients of his fellow Attorneys.
Legal Profession (Canons of Professional Ethics) Rules · 1978 (principal) · archived copy · official source ↗
JE Lawyers Law Society of Jersey Code R.8.4 strong
A member's practice must not be publicised in Jersey by means of unsolicited visits or telephone calls to a member of the public. A member of the public does not include current or former clients, existing or former business or professional connections or other members or other commercial organisations.
Law Society of Jersey Code of Conduct · 1 January 2017 · archived copy · official source ↗
ON Lawyers LSO Rules of Prof. Conduct r 4.1-2 strong
In offering legal services, a lawyer shall not use means that (a) are false or misleading; (b) amount to coercion, duress, or harassment; (c) take advantage of a person who is vulnerable or who has suffered a traumatic experience and has not yet had a chance to recover; (d) are intended to influence a person who has retained another lawyer or paralegal for a particular matter to change that representative for that matter, unless the change is initiated by the person or that representative; or (e) otherwise bring the profession or the administration of justice into disrepute.
Law Society of Ontario — Rules of Professional Conduct · current · archived copy · official source ↗
BC Lawyers BC Code r 4.2-5, commentary [1] partial 2 cases
For example, a marketing activity violates this rule if it: (a) is calculated or likely to take advantage of the vulnerability, either physical or emotional, of the recipient, ... (c) otherwise brings the administration of justice into disrepute.
Code of Professional Conduct for British Columbia (BC Code) · 2017 · archived copy · official source ↗
NZ Lawyers Conduct & Client Care Rules r 10.10 strong
A lawyer must not directly contact a prospective client— (a) in a way that is intrusive, offensive, or inappropriate; or (b) if the lawyer knows or should know that the physical, emotional, or mental state of the person is such that the person could not exercise reasonable judgement in engaging a lawyer, or the lawyer is aware that the prospective client does not wish to be contacted by the lawyer.
Lawyers and Conveyancers Act (Lawyers: Conduct and Client Care) Rules 2008 · SR 2008/214 · archived copy · official source ↗
SCO Solicitors LSS Standards of Conduct no clear equivalent
SG Lawyers Professional Conduct Rules 2015 r 39 (Touting and referrals) strong
39 Touting and referrals
Legal Profession (Professional Conduct) Rules 2015 · 2015 · archived copy · official source ↗
HK Solicitors Solicitors' Guide Principle 3.03 strong
A solicitor must not obtain business by improper means. ... Improper means can include ... obtaining business by touting (in contravention to the Solicitors' Practice Promotion Code), undue influence, arrangement to share fees or proceeds of litigation with unqualified persons.
Hong Kong Solicitors' Guide to Professional Conduct (Volume 1) · current · archived copy · official source ↗
HK Barristers Bar Code of Conduct para 8.1(b)(vi)-(viii) strong
Advertising or promotion must not:- (vi) be intrusive, offensive or otherwise inappropriate having regard to the manner, medium, frequency of approach or surrounding circumstances; ... (viii) take place in or in the immediate vicinity of a hospital or similar medical establishment, court, tribunal, police station or place of detention;
Code of Conduct of the Bar of the Hong Kong SAR · 2018 · archived copy · official source ↗
Cases dealing with this duty
239 decisions · link basis: found breached = a tribunal finding; rule cited = the mapped provision is cited in the decision; text match = high-precision text pattern
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Gauri Advani
Others
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Nasir Ilyas
Breaches, Failures, Others, Solicitors' Accounts Rules
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D E Powell// D J Corlis/Another
Breaches, Failures, Solicitors' Accounts Rules, Others
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Michael J Murphy
In the matter of Michael J Murphy, a solicitor formerly practising as MJ Murphy & Co, Solicitors, 25 Lower Salthill, Galway, Co Galway, and in the matter of the Solicitors Acts 1954-2008 [4803/DT119/08 and High Court re…
strike_off View decision -
Stuart Gemmell McPhail & Another
Breaches, Failures, Solicitors' Accounts Rules, Others
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Lennox Andrew Manifold
Breaches, Failures, Others
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Aygun Sahin
Breaches, Client Money
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Ciaran R Callan
In the matter of Ciaran R Callan, a solicitor formerly practising as Callan & Company, Solicitors, River Bank House, Dodder Park Drive, Dublin 14, and in the matter of the Solicitors Acts 1954-2008 [4316/DT13/08 and Hig…
strike_off View decision -
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O M O Ijaola
Others
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A K Kaihiva
Breaches, Client Money, Failures, Solicitors' Accounts Rules
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JOSEPHINE PEPE
Unsatisfactory Conduct by reason of Illegal Conduct
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A J Nulty & Another
Breaches, Others
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Colin D Poole
Breaches, Failures, Solicitors' Accounts Rules, Others
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Fleur Cranage
Others
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Janet Lefton
Criminal Convictions, Others
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Sean Colin Garner
Breaches, Others
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S Dhama & Others
Breaches, Client Money, Delays, Failures, Solicitors' Accounts Rules, Others
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Martin Andrew Conroy
Breaches, Client Money, Failures
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NINO DE PARDO
Illegal and Unsatisfactory Conduct and Suspended
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Judith Ihekerenma Nwokoro
Breaches, Client Money, Failures, Solicitors' Accounts Rules, Others
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Priya Prashar
Criminal Convictions
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Ian Muir Jewell
Breaches, Others
Duty classification does not yet cover every jurisdiction (Ontario, New Zealand and Singapore decisions are indexed but not yet duty-classified), so counts here understate those corpora.